In the run-up to the Zulu War, he was served with an ultimatum by the British at the same time as Cetshwayo. This is a digital copy of a book that was preserved for generations on library shelves before it was carefully scanned by Google as part of a project The post of Prime Minister of the Colony of Natal also became extinct on 31 May 1910, when it joined the Union of South Africa. The episcopal leader of the diocese is the bishop of Natal. Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Published material. [2], There was a considerable party of Natal Boers still strongly opposed to the British, and they were reinforced by numerous bands of Boers who came over the Drakensberg from Winburg and Potchefstroom. The electoral law was framed to prevent more than a very few natives obtaining suffrage. Its investigations pointed to the loosening of tribal ties and to the corresponding growth of a spirit of individual independence. Cloete, before returning to the Cape, visited Mpande and obtained from him a valuable concession. [2], For many years there had been an agitation among the colonists for self-government. On 8 August 1843 the Natal volksraad unanimously agreed to the terms proposed by Lord Stanley. The Boer Republics were independent, self-governed republics in the last half of the nineteenth century, created by the Dutch-speaking inhabitants of the Cape Colony and their descendants, variously named Trekboers, Boers and Voortrekkers in mainly the middle, northern and north eastern and eastern parts of what is now the country of South Africa. In May 1838 the Boers took control of the port and soon afterwards established the Natalia Republic. In 1874, Sir Bartle Frere was sent to South Africa as High Commissioner for the British Empire to effect such plans. The Colony of Natal was a British colony in south-eastern Africa. The following lists events that happened during 1901 in South Africa. Cape Town 0m. The British force was split and the Zulus fell on the main column at Isandlwana with devastating results. Kaapstad 0m. Natal received a small percentage of these emigrating masses. His Excellency, the lieutenant-governor, was ultimately pleased to request Dr. Mann. [3], It was originally only about half the size of the present province, with the north-eastern boundaries being formed by the Tugela and Buffalo rivers beyond which lay the independent Kingdom of Zululand (kwaZulu in the Zulu language). Harbour works were begun in 1857, piers and jetties were constructed, dredgers imported, and controversy raged over the various schemes for harbour improvement. Alone among the South Africa states, Natal offered a welcome to Indians. Farewell, Fynn and the others went to the royal kraal of Shaka, and, having cured him of a wound and made him various presents, obtained a document, dated 7 August 1824, ceding to "F. G. Farewell & Company entire and full possession in perpetuity" of a tract of land including "the port or harbour of Natal". In 1825 he was joined by King, who had meantime visited England and had obtained from the government a letter of recommendation to Lord Charles Somerset, governor of the Cape, granting King permission to settle at Natal. A small force of 25 men under British Lieutenant F. G. Farewell arrived from the Cape Colony and established a settlement on the northern shore of the Bay of Natal, near today's Farewell Square. Natal was proclaimed a British Colony in 1843, and administered from the Cape Colony in 1844. Historical : J.E. "Personal rule", they declared, "supplies the keynote of successful native control". English: Badge of the Natal Colony 1905-1907. Historical : J.E. They made bread (Indian roti or paratha) and kept the gold coins between these rotis and baked. Dinuzulu, however, remained at the time quiescent, though the Zulus were in a state of excitement over incidents connected with the Boer war, when they had been subject to raids by Boer commandoes, and on one occasion at least had retaliated. There is an indentured labour gallery on the SAHO site, webteam please select an image from there to insert in this section. 1845-1899: Civil registration (marriages), Natal, 1845-1899 - index and images of marriage records for Natal 1863-1955: South Africa, Natal Province, Civil Deaths, 1863-1955 - index collection of deaths for Natal. However, it was not until the end of 1845 that an effective administration was installed with Mr Martin West as lieutenant-governor that the power of the Boer Volksraad finally came to an end. Cloth is worn on corners, joints and at head and tail of spine. At the end of 1843, there were not more than 500 Dutch families left in Natal. The Colony of Natal was a British colony in south-eastern Africa. On 2 December 1841, Sir George Thomas Napier, governor of Cape Colony, issued a proclamation declaring his intent to resume British military occupation of Port Natal. The British turned to India to resolve their labour shortage, as Zulu men refused to adopt the servile position of labourers and in 1860 the SS Truro arrived in Durban harbour with over 300 people on board. The British set about establishing large sugar plantations in Natal, but found few inhabitants of the neighbouring Zulu areas willing to provide labour. Subjects SRLF UPC conLo:NrYofnata^l CENSUS,1904. It was originally only about half the size of the present province, with the north-eastern boundaries being formed by the Tugela and Buffalo rivers beyond which lay the independent Kingdom of Zululand (KwaZulu in Zulu). 1. London: Alexander Heylin &c., 1855 First edition, 8vo (22x14cm); viii, 463, [1]pp.. The tiny colony needed all the support it could get being surrounded by powerful African tribes and the ongoing difficulties of dealing with the Boers. Map of the colony in 1860. Commandant Jan Mocke of Winburg (who had helped to besiege Captain Smith at Durban) and others of the "war party" attempted to induce the volksraad not to submit, and a plan was formed to murder Pretorius, Boshof and other leaders, who were now convinced that the only chance of ending the state of complete anarchy into which the country had fallen was by accepting British sovereignty. Bo-Kaap 5m. [citation needed]. ALFRED COUNTY, NATAL … Both claimed in 1908; territories formed in 1962 (British Antarctic Territory) and 1985 (South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands). The bar made entering the bay highly hazardous for all but the smallest vessels, and a substantial number of ships were wrecked in the attempt to cross it. It is located on the southern bank of the Tugela River. In 1865, early in the life of the Colony, Law No. Dinuzulu, accused by many colonists of having incited the rebellion, protested his loyalty to the British. The Siege of Ladysmith lasted until 28 February 1900, when the town was relieved by forces under Redvers Buller. Secondly, the Zulus were not so impressed at the quantity and actions of these Boers. The British would now be drawn into a needless and difficult campaign against the Zulus against their better judgement. The ubiquitous Natal Mercury ecstatically praised the Indians priceless contribution and heralded the enlarged production and increased prosperity he will create for Natal . Happy birthday South Africa. The following lists events that happened during 1902 in South Africa. Arabella Wine Estate 0m. This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Chisholm, Hugh, ed. He compiled the first reasonably accurate map of Natal in 1855, on a scale of six miles to the inch (1:380 160). Every European was bound to pay the tax. He acted as Cetshwayo's secretary and diplomatic adviser and was rewarded with chieftainship, land, livestock and two Zulu virgins. Two of the Boer Republics achieved international recognition and complete independence: the South African Republic and the Orange Free State. In August 1907 the report of the Native Affairs' Commission was published. Below that, from the Natal coat of arms, a pair of wildebeests galloping to the right. It is located in the southeast of the country, enjoying a long shoreline beside the Indian Ocean and sharing borders with three other provinces, and the countries of Mozambique, Eswatini and Lesotho. The Boers initial successes would bring the full force of the British Empire onto the Boer Republics. In addition he was able to identify and exploit various opportunities for trade. The British withdrew to Ladysmith. [2] It is now the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. The Colony of Natal : an account of the characteristics and capabilities of this british dependency . The British established a sugar cane industry in the 1860s. They came as indentured laborers, but at the expiration of their contract were allowed to settle in the colony. An act authorizing the annexation was passed during 1902 and the territories were formally transferred to Natal in January 1903. The Vicariate Apostolic of Natal was a Roman Catholic missionary, quasi-diocesan jurisdiction in South Africa. The leader of the party which sought responsible government was John Robinson who had gone to Natal in 1850, was a leading journalist in the colony, had been a member of the legislative council since 1863, and had filled various official positions. In May 1905 Sutton was replaced by a coalition ministry under Charles John Smythe, who had been colonial secretary under Hime. Rhodes Memorial Restaurant 5m. The next step was taken by the settlers at the port, who in 1835 resolved to lay out a town, which they named Durban, after Benjamin D'Urban, then governor of Cape Colony. In Natal, the coins used that time for payment to sugar workers were made up of gold. The Colony of Natal was a British colony in south-eastern Africa. [2], The next wave of immigration consisted of Voortrekkers fleeing British rule in Cape Colony, who pushed out the English settlers at Port Natal. Thus a new industry was added to the resources of the colony. Categories: City. With some of the recommendations the Natal commissioners disagreed; in 1905, however, an act was passed by the Natal legislature imposing a poll tax of £1 on all males over 18 in the colony, except indentured Indians and natives paying hut tax (which was 14 shillings a year). Population Figures for the 1904 Census. It was proclaimed a British colony on 4 May 1843 after the British government had annexed the Boer Republic of Natalia, and on 31 May 1910 combined with three other colonies to form the Union of South Africa, as one of its provinces. Farewell, King and Fynn made independent settlements at various parts of the bay. The original settlement was contained within a loop on the river, but it subsequently expanded southwards and eastwards. To Sir,— 1.Inthefirstfirst Source:[9]. 1995. The N3 freeway passes close to the town, linking it to the rest of South Africa. The British Royal coat of arms with motto: “DIEU ET MON DROIT” on an ornate ribbon below. At the time the white inhabitants numbered about 50,000. In 1881 a harbour board was formed under the chairmanship of Harry Escombe. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Colony of Natal (South Africa) Pocket Watch at the best online prices at eBay! When the Second Boer War broke out on 11 October 1899, the Boers had a numeric superiority within Southern Africa. [2], Cloete, before returning to the Cape, visited Mpande and obtained from him a valuable concession. Finally, in deference to the strongly urged views of Sir George Napier, Lord Stanley, in a despatch of 13 December, received in Cape Town on 23 April 1843, consented to Natal becoming a British colony. 15. At the same time schools were established and various churches began or increased their work in the colony. Hancock, Cambridge University Press, 1962, pg 219, File:First public auction of Natal sugar.jpg, http://www.britishempire.co.uk/maproom/natal.htm, Some of Natal Sugar Pioneers & Their Families Dixon-Smith 2007, State President of the South African Republic, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, https://infogalactic.com/w/index.php?title=Colony_of_Natal&oldid=1126608, All Wikipedia articles written in South African English, Articles lacking in-text citations from May 2011, States and territories established in 1843, States and territories disestablished in 1910, Pages using infobox former country with unknown parameters, All articles with links needing disambiguation, Articles with links needing disambiguation from December 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2011, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with no article parameter, 1843 establishments in the British Empire, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, About Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core, John Maclean (31 December 1864 – 26 July 1865), Thomas Milles (acting) (30 April 1873 – 22 July 1873), Henry Alexander (acting for Colley) (17 August 1880 – 14 September 1880). On 15 December 1876, Shepstone with 25 troopers from the Natal Mounted Police and others set out from Pietermaritzburg to Pretoria to annex the Transvaal; arriving on 27 January 1877 to a cordial reception. The commission also called attention to the numerical insufficiency of magistrates and native commissioners in certain parts of Natal. First of all, the British used the prior existence of the Port Natal colony as justification to extend British jurisdiction to the area. KwaZulu-Natal is home to the Zulu nation. In the 1860s many workers from British India came to live in Natal. [2], The period following the war was succeeded by commercial depression, though in Natal it was not so severely felt as in other states of South Africa. It was proclaimed a British colony on 4 May 1843 after the British government had annexed the Boer Republic of Natalia, and on 31 May 1910 combined with three other colonies to form the Union of South Africa, as one of its provinces. Near the end of the 1800s, the sugarcane industry exploded, making the Port of Durban one of the British Empire's most important seaports. The election, which witnessed the return of four Labour members, resulted in a ministerial majority of a somewhat heterogeneous character, and in November 1906 Smythe resigned, being succeeded by Frederick Moor, who in his election campaign had criticized the Smythe ministry for their financial proposals. John Colenso, appointed bishop of Natal, arrived in 1854. It was not sufficient to secure them, as the government had done, peace and ample means of livelihood. Reverse: Within a laurel wreath tied at the bottom, space for engraving the recipients name and the item exhibited. It was proclaimed a British colony on 4 May 1843 after the British government had annexed the Boer Republic of Natalia, and on 31 May 1910 combined with three other colonies to form the Union of South Africa, as one of its provinces. They never had any intention of invading Natal, but that did not stop the Natal colonists from being deeply concerned at their security. On 30 July, 1847, Pius IX established a new vicariate in the eastern portion of Cape Colony. With the support of the traders he founded a mission station on the hill overlooking the bay. It was proclaimed a British colony on 4 May 1843 after the British government had annexed the Boer Republic of Natalia, and on 31 May 1910 combined with three other colonies to form the Union of South Africa, as one of its provinces. Those Boers who did remain were unable to block the British Army when they entered the colony of Natal in 1843. The English would gain a majority of the white population, but there would always a remain a significant Boer minority. London :Jarrold and Sons,[1859]. The British would gain formal control of the two Republics but would give considerable rights to the defeated Boers and committed themselves to rebuilding the Boer Republics. Sir Theophilus Shepstone was a British South African statesman who was responsible for the annexation of the Transvaal to Britain in 1877. In these circumstances, the task of Henry Cloete was one of great difficulty and delicacy. From 1844 to 1856, the colony was administered from the Cape Colony. Subject Missions -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal., Geology -- South Africa -- KwaZulu-Natal., KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) -- Maps. Amazon.com: History Of The Colony Of Natal, South Africa (1855) (9781104179014): Holden, William Clifford: Books Photographs measure approximately 15 x 11 cm. The Seal was of a standard type in use in British Colonies since 1839, and may be described as follows: Thus they were able to bring those gold coins to India. From the time of the coming of the first considerable body of British settlers dates the development of trade and agriculture in the colony, followed somewhat later by the exploitation of the mineral resources of the country. [8], Direct rule by Cape Colony (31 May 1844 – 4 December 1845). During the Napoleonic Wars, the Cape Colony was annexed by the British and officially became their colony in 1815. Durban was soon thronged; and Pietermaritzburg, which was then practically the terminus of the Natal railway, was the base from which nearly all the expeditions to the goldfields were fitted out. But in 1909 an act was passed which placed native affairs in the hands of four district commissioners, gave to the minister for native affairs direct executive authority and created a council for native affairs on which non-official members had seats. The districts transferred to Natal were: Vryheid, Utrecht and such portion of the district of Wakkerstroom as was encompassed by a line drawn from the north-eastern corner of Natal, east by Volksrust in a northerly direction to the summit of the Drakensberg Range, along that range, passing just north of the town of Wakkerstroom, to the headwaters of the Pongola River (now called Phongolo River), and thence following the river to the border of the Utrecht district. [7] Nonetheless, tensions between the British colonists and the Zulu continued to build, culminating in the Anglo-Zulu War. He now became the first premier and colonial secretary with Harry Escombe as attorney-general and F. R. Moor as secretary for Native Affairs. The British established a sugar cane industry in the 1860s. The human and physical costs would be enormous for all involved mainly due to the British use of concentration camps and 'scorched earth' tactics . [9], The intercolonial commission had dealt with the native question as it affected South Africa as a whole; it was felt that a more local investigation was needed, and in August 1906 a strong commission was appointed to inquire into the condition of the Natal natives. They quickly invaded the British territory and laid siege to Ladysmith, Kimberley and Mafeking. However, it was not until the end of 1845 that an effective administration was installed with Martin West as lieutenant-governor that the power of the Boer Volksraad finally came to an end. Malay Quarter, Western Cape, South Africa 5m. The Diocese of Natal is in the region of Natal, South Africa, the diocese has its northern boundary at the Tugela River. The Turning Point The general election which was held in the following month turned on native policy and on the measures necessary to meet the commercial depression. It is now the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. Most of the Voortrekkers left by 1843. This galvanized Henry Herbert, 4th Earl of Carnarvon who obtained permission from Disraeli to appoint Sir Theophilus Shepstone (known by the Zulu honorific as Somtseu meaning '’father of the nation'’) who had served for 30 years as a Natal administrator, first as Diplomatic Agent to Native Tribes, then as secretary for native affairs, to act as special commissioner to the Transvaal. It was proclaimed a British colony on 4 May 1843 after the British government had annexed the Boer Republic of Natalia, and on 31 May 1910 combined with three other colonies to form the Union of South Africa, as one of its provinces. Not much is known about Watts. When required the NMP would be assisted by the Colony’s volunteer regiments including the Natal Carbineers. The British later realized the futility of breaking up Zululand into the territories and restored Cetshwayo as paramount leader of the territories. [2] During the six weeks previous to the relief, 200 deaths had occurred from disease alone, and altogether as many as 8424 were reported to have passed through the hospitals. Posts about the Colony of Natal written by shreyankmauria2013. Mann, Robert James, 1817-1886 Type. In a tribute to him during the re-dedication of his grave in Southampton in 2009, the Zulu War author and broadcaster Ian Knight said: Maclean was a champion of liberty, and his stone will be one of the few inscriptions in a British cemetery which commemorates a positive interaction between the British and Zulu people; most existing memorials commemorate individuals who were involved in Anglo-Zulu conflict. Today, January 30 was the day in 1948 when Gandhi bid adieu to this world and reached the supreme authority. Natal remained the base of pro-British sentiments in South Africa in the 20th century. 6^^Ht CENSUSOFFICE, PlETERMABITZBURG. Natal remained pro-British throughout the war on account of the British origins of its ruling white minority. F.D.” and below: “COLONY OF NATAL 26 JUNE 1902” Notes: These medals were issued to children attending Natal Government schools. It is now the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa.. Colony of Natal Creator Sutherland, Peter Cormack. 1855 in the Colony of Natal‎ (1 C) 1857 in the Colony of Natal‎ (1 P) Last edited on 17 August 2013, at 07:21. The antagonism between the British and Boers was not over yet. It was proclaimed a British colony on 4 May 1843 after the British government had annexed the Boer Republic of Natalia, and on 31 May 1910 combined with three other colonies to form the Union of South Africa, as one of its provinces. There was a considerable party of Natal Boers still strongly opposed to the British, and they were reinforced by numerous bands of Boers who came over the Drakensberg from Winburg and Potchefstroom. the words COLONY OF NATAL beneath the frame. Crofts was put on early retirement by a grateful Natal Government in 1907.[7]. [2], Fierce conflict with the Zulu population led to the evacuation of Durban, and eventually, the Boers accepted British annexation in 1844 under military pressure. (1911). At the same time the settlers, who numbered about 50, sent a memorial to the governor calling attention to the fact that they were acknowledged rulers over a large tract of territory south of the Tugela River, and asking that this territory should be proclaimed a British colony and that a governor and council be appointed. See Ladysmith. While the district commissioners were intended to keep in close touch with the natives, the council was to act as a "deliberative, consultative and advisory body." In 1856 the dependence of the country on Cape Colony was put to an end and Natal constituted a distinct colony with a legislative council of sixteen members, twelve elected by the inhabitants and four nominated by the Crown. Sir George then appointed Mr Henry Cloete (a brother of Colonel Cloete) a special commissioner to explain to the Natal volksraad the decision of the government. These somewhat frequent changes of ministry reflected, chiefly, differences concerning the treatment of commercial questions and the policy to be adopted towards the natives. As a result of the importation of Indian labourers, Durban became the home to the largest concentration of Indians outside of India. The irony of this pointless war was that it helped the Boers more than the British colonists. Both claimed in 1908; territories formed in 1962 (British Antarctic Territory) and 1985 (South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands). The commission among other proposals for a more liberal and sympathetic native policy urged the creation of a native advisory Board entrusted with very wide powers. The colony would slowly expand its British contingent. Définitions de Colony_of_Natal, synonymes, antonymes, dérivés de Colony_of_Natal, dictionnaire analogique de Colony_of_Natal (anglais) The Kingdom of Zulu, sometimes referred to as the Zulu Empire or the Kingdom of Zululand, was a monarchy in Southern Africa that extended along the coast of the Indian Ocean from the Tugela River in the south to Pongola River in the north. However the Cape High Commissioner Sir Henry Bartle Frere decided to use this excuse to reduce the Zulu military threat. The present province was also enlarged by the addition of Griqualand East to the south. Many of the Boers who would not acknowledge British rule trekked once more over the mountains into what are now the Orange Free State and Transvaal provinces. As time went on, however, the Natal government, alarmed at a series of murders of whites in Zululand and at the evidences of continued unrest among the natives, became convinced that Dinuzulu was implicated in the rebellious movement. Estcourt is a town in the uThukela District of KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. It would never attract the quantity of settlers that Australia and New Zealand was able to attract. Various measures were proposed which would but have aggravated the situation. As the traffic in the Port of Durban grew, marine-related industries moved in. History of the Colony of Natal, South Africa, To which is added an Appendix, containing a brief History of the Orange River Sovereignty and of the various races inhabiting it, the Great Lake N'gami, Commandoes of the Dutch Boers,&c.&c. The Colony of Natal was a British colony in south-eastern Africa.It was proclaimed a British colony on May 4, 1843 after the British government had annexed the Boer Republic of Natalia, and on 31 May 1910 combined with three other colonies to form the Union of South Africa.It is now the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa.. The large city of Pretoria, executive capital of South Africa, is named after him. 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