J Indian Soc Remote Sens 22(4):251–261, Obi Reddy GE, Maji AK, Gajbhiye KS (2002) GIS for morphometric analysis of drainage basins. The value of form factor would always be greater than 0.78 for perfectly circular basin. The remote sensing technique is the convenient method for morphometric analysis as the satellite images provide a synoptic view of a large area and is very useful in the analysis of drainage basin morphometry. The GIS based morphometric analysis of these River Basins revealed that both the Asa River Basin and Oyun River Basins are fourth order basins which indicates their drainage pattern to be mainly dendritic type thereby showing homogeneity in texture and less of structural control. Reddy et al. The geographic and geomorphic characteristics of a drainage basin are important for hydrological investigations involving the assessment of groundwater potential, etc. 2012b). This exercise is divided into the following sections: Section One: Introduction Slope grid is identified as “the maximum rate of change in value from each cell to its neighbors” (Burrough 1986). Landsat etm+ data are used to prepare digital terrain model (DTM) of Kanhar basin for perspective view (Fig. 2013). Topographic map (53 O/9) of 1964 on 1:50000 scale was utilized to delineate the basin boundary and drainage pattern was extracted from Digital Elevation Model (DEM), thus to identify precisely basin characteristics using Geographic Information System (GIS). Subsequently, it runs parallel to the Son River in Garhwa district and turns north-west and flowing through Sonbhadra district in Mirzapur division of Uttar Pradesh. The present study aims at using the remote sensing and GIS technology to compute various parameters of morphometric characteristics of the Kanhar River watershed. Seven sub-watersheds are also delineated within this basin to calculate the selected morphometric parameters. Geophys Res Lett 30(9):20–21, Sreedevi PD, Subrahmanyam K, Shakeel A (2005) The significance of morphometric analysis for obtaining groundwater potential zones in a structurally controlled terrain. Morphometric analysis of Barpani River basin has been done using Geographical Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing techniques. The major rainfall recorded at Dudhi ranging 80–90 % occurs mainly in the summer monsoon during June to September, which is very uneven. Upper Pleistocene to Recent 3. The Rb for the Kanhar basin varies from 2.86 to 9 (Table 2). Morphometric analysis is best method for isolation of problem through which precise descriptions of the geometry of landforms could be harnessed as data could be collected, organized, and analyzed and visualized using remote sensing integrated with GIS techniques to resolve the applications. Triangular irregular network (a), drainage density map (b) and perspective views of digital terrain model (DTM) from different angles (c, d), respectively. Methuen, London, Clarke JI (1996) Morphometry from Maps. 2011; Gayen et al. Trans Am Geophys Union 38:913–920, Strahler AN (1964) Quantitative geomorphology of drainage basins and channelnetworks. Appl Water Sci:1–11. In general, the area is plateau type with gentle slope towards North. The study areas are Asa River Basin and Oyun River Basin. The elevation of the basin ranges from a low height of 180 m where the Kanhar meets the Son River to 1,223 m (Gaurlpat) at Kavradara in Sarguja district of Chhattisgarh. The aspect map of Kanhar basin is shown in Fig. This is in consonance with the latest developments and researches as cited above. Geographical information system (GIS) has emerged as an efficient tool in delineation of drainage pattern and ground water potential and its planning. The chief feature of this climate is long dry period average monthly temperature rising over 18 °C, through maximum summer temperature may even go up to 46 °C. Lower Rewa Sandstone 15. The output of this method is a basis for creating a stream/drainage network grid with stream order based on Strahler 1964. Drainage lines of an area not only explain the existing three-dimensional geometry of the region but also help to narrate its evolutional process (Singh 1980). Smaller the value of form factor, more elongated will be the basin. Based on the stream order, the Kanhar basin is classified as seventh-order basin to interpret the morphodynamic parameters as listed in Table 1 (Horton 1932, 1945; Smith 1950; Schumm 1956, 1963; Hadley and Schumm 1961; Strahler 1964; Sreedevi et al. Elongation ratio (Re) value of Kanhar basin is 0.48. - 188.166.230.38. Bull Geol Soc Am 56:275–370, Hurtrez JE, Sol C, Lucazeau F (1999) Effect of drainage area on hypsometry from an analysis of small-scale drainage basins in the Siwalik hills (central Nepal). slope, and topographic elevation maps for the drainage basin were prepared using GIS software. The mean bifurcation ratio (Rbm) characteristically ranges between 3.0 and 5.0 for a basin when the influence of geological structures on the drainage network is negligible (Verstappen 1983). Difference in the elevation between the highest point of a basin and the lowest point on the valley floor is termed as the total relief of that river basin. Number of streams of different orders and the total number of streams in the basin are counted and calculated in GIS platforms. Manual extraction of drainage network and assigning the stream order from a published Survey of India (SOI) topographic map and from georeferenced satellite data for a large area is a time taking tedious exercise. You are currently offline. It has been sub divided into four second-order morpho-units, namely Lahsunpat Bhalanad hills, Galphula-Kanhar confluence, Semarkhar-Rigar divide and Kusmi upland. J Indian Soc Remote Sens 26:169–175, Article  6c). 5c and d) . The total drainage area of the Kanhar River basin is 5,654 km2. Stream frequency (Sf) is the total number of stream segments of all orders per unit area (Horton 1932). Besides, the quantitative analysis of drainage system is an important aspect of characteristic of watershed (Strahler 1964). The variation of stream length ratio might be due to differences in slope/gradients and topographic conditions of the area. Bonfring Int J Ind Eng Manag Sci 2(special issue 1):8–15, Kelson KI, Wells SG (1989) Geologic influences on fluvial hydrology and bedload transport in small mountainous watersheds, northern New Mexico, USA. The low relief indicates that the northern area under Kanhar basin is flat to gentle slope type. In this study, Kanhar basin a tributaries of Son River has been selected for detailed morphometric analysis. Kanhar River could be designated as a seventh-order stream (Fig. It has been computed by dividing the total stream length of order ‘u’ by the number of stream segments in the order (Table 3). Digitization work has been carried out for entire analysis of basin morphometry using GIS software (ArcGIS ver: 9.0). Remote Sensing and GIS techniques are the proven efficient tools in the delineation, updating and morphometric analysis of drainage basin. The direction of the basin is in NE to SW. 2011). Morphometric parameters viz; stream order, stream length, bifurcation ratio, drainage density, stream frequency, form factor, circulatory ratio, etc., are calculated. Laterite and Clay 6. The morphometric analysis of the drainage basin is aimed to acquire accurate data of measurable features of stream network of the drainage basin. The morphometric analysis is carried by the measurement of linear, aerial and relief aspects of basins. McGraw Hill Book Company, New York (Section 7-1), Grohmann CH (2004) Morphometric analysis in geographic information systems: applications of free software GRASS and R. Comput Geosci 30:1055–1067, Hadley RF, Schumm SA (1961) Sediment sources and drainage basin characteristics in upper Cheyenne River Basin. This is mainly due to the diversity of slope and relief pattern of the basin. Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. Horton’s law (1945) of stream length points out that mean stream length segments of each of the successive orders of a basin tends to approximate a direct geometric series with stream length increasing towards higher order of streams. It flows through the Indian states of Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh (Fig. 2013). Further, quantitative morphometric analysis of drainage networks is considered the key approach for understanding the hydro-morphological processes acting over drainage basins. Essays in geomorphology. Combination of the remote sensing satellite data and hydrological and spatial analysis in GIS environment is made easy to identify and discriminate the drainage area (Pirasteh et al. The stream length is a measure of the hydrological characteristics of the bedrock and the drainage extent. The study area is designated as seventh-order basin with the drainage density value being as 1.72 km/km2. To overcome this problem, automatic extraction techniques have been used for evaluating the morphometric parameters of a basin, i.e., extraction of River basin/watershed boundary and extraction of drainage/stream network from the Kanhar River basin using ASTER DEM in conjunction with geocoded standard false colour composite remote sensing satellite data (Landsat etm+ of 2013) and georeferenced SOI toposheets of 1972 (63P/3, 63P/4, 63P/7, 63P/8, 63P/12, 64M/6, 64M/9, 64M/10, 64M/11, 64M/12, 64M/14, 64M/16 and 73A/4 having 1:50,000 scale) and Lib Texas Toposheets No—NF44-4, NG44-11, NG44-12, NG44-16 having 1:250,000 scale using ARC GIS-9.3 and ERDAS Imagine-9.1 software’s. Praveen Kumar Rai. Quaternary 2. Therefore, these slopes have a higher moisture content and lower evaporation rate although and some parts are falling towards west facing which have a lower moisture content and have a high evaporation rate. The general budget, 2014–2015 passed in the Lok Sabha on 10th of July 2014 also promises for proper management of different water resources of the country. Strahler (1964) indicated that the Lsm is a characteristic property related to the size of drainage network and its associated surfaces. Hard &compact sandstone 16. Geol Soc Am Bull 106:571–581, Dar RA, Chandra R, Romshoo SA (2013) Morphotectonic and lithostratigraphic analysis of intermontane Karewa basin of Kashmir Himalayas, India. 2010). Sand and gravel 7. Geographical Information System (GIS) have proved to be an efficient tool in the delineation of drainage pattern for water resources management and its planning. According to Horton (1945), streams lengths delineate the total lengths of stream segment of each of the successive orders in a basin tend to approximate a direct geometric series in which the first term is the average length of the stream of the first order. They introduce the major elements needed to assess water resources and their hydrologic regime, thus it is recommended to apply similar studies in anywhere in India. Geol Geosci 2(4):1–10, Gottschalk LC (1964) Reservoir sedimentation in handbook of applied hydrology. It confluences with the Son River (which itself is the tributary of the national holy river ‘Ganges’) to the north-east of the village of Kota. Thus, determination of stream networks’ behaviour and their interrelation with each other is of great importance in many water resources studies. Bull Geol, Soc Am 63, Strahler AN (1957) Quantitative analysis of watershed geomorphology. 1998), soil and rock properties (Kelson and Wells 1989) and landscape evolution processes. It is clearly identified that the cumulative stream length is higher in first-order streams and decreases as the stream order increases. A GIS-based approach in drainage morphometric analysis of Kanhar River Basin, India, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-014-0238-y. De Silva1 Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture University of Peradeniya Sri Lanka ABSTRACT: Basin morphometry is a means of mathematically quantifying different aspects of a drainage basin. GIS lndia 4(11):9–14, Oguchi T (1997) Drainage density and relative relief in humid steep mountains with frequent slope failure. Higher values of elongation ratio show high infiltration capacity and low runoff, whereas lower Re values which are characterized by high susceptibility to erosion and sediment load (Reddy et al. 13,987 stream line including Kanhar River is recognized in the whole basin, out of which 68.13 % (9,541) is 1st order, 23 % (3,337) 2nd order, 6.11 % (856) 3rd order, 1.45 % (204) 4th order, 0.27 % (39) 5th order, 0.064 % (9) 6th order and 0.007 % comprises 7th order stream (1). The drainage density values of the Kanhar basin have values below five revealing that the subsurface area is permeable, a characteristic feature of coarse drainage. Where two first-order stream segments join, they form a second-order stream segment and so on. Miller (1953) stated circularity ratio is the ratio of the area of the basins to the area of circle having the same circumference as the perimeter of the basin. In: International Institute for Aerial Survey and Earth Science (ITC). Aspect generally refers to the direction to which a mountain slope faces. The DEM and the pour point are the two input parameters required for the extraction purpose. volume 7, pages217–232(2017)Cite this article. Highest Kanhar Divide (above 1,050 m): this area lies in the south-western part of Kanhar basin, where a series of flat topped and in pointed hillocks of different size are found. The morphometric parameters of basin can address linear, areal and relief aspects. Strahler’s system of classification designates a segment with no tributaries as a first-order stream. The denuded hillocks form watersheds for the Kanhar river and its tributaries. The drainage network of the Kanhar basin is extracted from a series of geoprocessing tools in ARC GIS-9.3 (Fig. Drainage provides a basic to understand initial gradient, variation in rock resistance, structural control, geological and geomorphologic history of the drainage basin or watershed. It is a significant ratio that indicates the dendritic stage of a watershed. The highest value of atmospheric pressure, in the study area, is noted in the month of January (1,023.2 mb) and lowest in the month of June (1,003.3 mb). The morphometric analysis is done successfully through measurement of linear, aerial, relief, gradient of channel network and contributing ground slope of the basin (Nautiyal 1994; Nag and Chakraborty, 2003; Magesh et al. Earth Surf Process 14:671–690, Krishnamurthy J, Srinivas G, Jayaram V, Chandrasekhar MG (1996) Influence of rock type and structure in the development of drainage networks in typical hard rock terrain. GIS is a powerful tool for the analysis rel ating to watershed morphometric parameters. The symbol AW denotes Tropical Swanah region. It initially flows north forming the boundary with Garhwa district in Palamu division of Jharkhand. Flowing through forested areas, it becomes a dangerous stream. A GIS-based approach in drainage morphometric analysis of Kanhar River Basin, India. Thereafter, it flows for about 100 kilometres (62 miles) through Surguja district of Chhattisgarh. 6b). Int J Appl Earth Obs Geoinformatics 6:1–16, Schumm SA (1956) Evolution of drainage systems and slopes in badlands at Perth Amboy, New Jersey. The potential of ASTER DEM data and GIS in drainage basin morphometry was verified in comparison with conventional methods. Watershed area by using RS and GIS, HYDROGEOMORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES FOR GROUND WATER PROSPECTS USING IRS -1D, LISS III IMAGE, IN PARTS OF AGRA DISTRICT ALONG THE YAMUNA RIVER, U.P., INDIA, EVOLUTION OF DRAINAGE SYSTEMS AND SLOPES IN BADLANDS AT PERTH AMBOY, NEW JERSEY, Watershed Prioritization and Reservoir Sedimentation Using Remote Sensing Data, EROSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF STREAMS AND THEIR DRAINAGE BASINS; HYDROPHYSICAL APPROACH TO QUANTITATIVE MORPHOLOGY, Integrated approach of using remote sensing and GIS to study watershed prioritization and productivity, Quantitative geomorphology of drainage basin and channel networks, International journal of multidisciplinary and current research, View 5 excerpts, references background and methods, View 8 excerpts, references background and methods, By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. India Earth Sci Inform 5(2):111–121, Magesh NS, Jitheshal KV, Chandrasekar N. Jini KV (2013) Geographical information system based morphometric analysis of Bharathapuzha River Basin, Kerla, India. Co., New York, pp 235–274, Cox RT (1994) Analysis of drainage-basin symmetry as a rapid technique to identify areas of possible quaternary tilt-block tectonics: an example from the Mississippi embayment. The work has been carried out through SRTM DEM of 90 m resolution and analyzed using GIS software. In the Kanhar basin, the higher values of Rb indicate a strong structural control in the drainage pattern whereas the lower values indicate that the sub-basins are less affected by structural disturbances (Strahler 1964; Vittala et al. The order was given to each stream by following Strahler (1964) stream ordering technique. This can have major effects on the distribution of vegetation in the Kanhar watershed area. Where two first-order stream segments join, they form a second-order stream segment and so on. 2013. Morphometric analysis provides a quantitative description of drainage system which is animportant aspect of watershed char- acterization. Bull Geol Soc Am 74:1089–1100, Sethupathi AS, Lakshmi Narasimhan C, Vasanthamohan V, Mohan SP (2011) Prioritization of mini watersheds based on morphometric analysis using remote sensing and GIS in a drought prone Bargur Mathur sub watersheds, Ponnaiyar River basin, India. The slope map of Kanhar basin is shown in Fig. The processed DEM was used successfully for generating the stream network and other supporting layers (Mesa 2006; Magesh et al. A morphometric analysis of Shanur basin has been carried out using geoprocessing techniques in GIS. Int J Geomat Geosci 2(2):403–414, Shreve RW (1969) Stream lengths and basin areas in topologically random channel networks. The tributaries of upper Kanhar watershed are Hathi Nala and Dhanmarwa Nala. During calculation it is identified that the number of streams gradually decreases as the stream order increases; the variation in stream order and size of tributary basins is largely depends on physiographical, geomorphological and geological condition of the region. The slope elements, in turn, are controlled by the climatomorphogenic processes in areas having rock of varying resistance (Magesh et al. It has a rocky bed almost throughout its course. pp 98–116, Gayen S, Bhunia GS, Shi PK (2013) Morphometric analysis of Kangshabati-Darkeswar Interfluves area in West Bengal, India using ASTER DEM and GIS techniques. The degree of slope in Kanhar watershed varies from <2.7° to >72.37° (Fig. The total geographical area of the basin is 5,654 km2. GIS-based evaluation using Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) and Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data has given a precise, fast, and an inexpensive way for analysing hydrological systems (Smith and Sandwell 2003; Grohmann 2004). The morphometric analysis of a drainage system is necessary in understanding the hydrological behavior of the watersheds. generated to deduce the morphometric parameters like drainage basin area, drainage density, drainage order, relief and network diameter in GIS environment. Upper Kanhar plain (650–1,050 m): This area forms the confluence zone of many rivers which join Kanhar from different directions as the upper area and acts as vertical divide between these small rivers where the height of the area is about 1,000 m. It is a dense forested area also because of the nature of the terrain which restricts transformation from one place to another. Environ Earth Sci 64(2):373–381, Magesh NS, Chandrasekar N, Kaliraj S (2012a) A GIS based automated extraction tool for the analysis of basin morphometry. 2011). The drainage pattern is dendritic in nature and it is influenced by the general topography, geology and rainfall condition of the area. Unconformity 10. Morphometric analysis using remote sensing and GIS techniques have been well demonstrated by some of the Lab 4: Drainage Basin Morphometry Objectives: To better appreciate the usefulness of topographic maps as tools for investigating drainage basins and to master several morphometric variables used to characterize and analyze drainage basins. Morphometric analysis of the reservoir basins is considered to be the most satisfactory method because it enables in understanding of the relationship of various aspects within a drainage basin , a comparative evaluation to be made of different drainage basins developed in different geomorphological and topographical conditions or situations. It is inferred that the Kanhar River falls under seventh-order basin. The increase in stream length ratio from lower to higher order shows that the study area has reached a mature geomorphic stage. 1). Slope analysis is an important parameter in geomorphological studies for watershed development and important for morphometric analysis. The region is characterized by dominance of moderate absolute relief and drainage frequency, low relative relief and dissection index, moderately fine drainage density and moderate slope. Dayawansa1* and R.P. Hence, it is noticed that there is a decrease in stream frequency as the stream order increases and vice versa. The stream order of the basin is mainly controlled by physiographic and lithological conditions of the area. Bonfring Int J Ind Eng Manag Sci 2(1):32–35, Magesh NS, Jitheshlal KV, Chandrasekar N, Jini KV (2012b) GIS based morphometric evaluation of Chimmini and Mupily watersheds, parts of Western Ghats, Thrissur District, Kerala. The climate of the watershed is characterized by hot summer and well-distributed rainfall during the monsoon season. Higher drainage density is associated with the basin of weak and impermeable subsurface material, sparse vegetation and high relief. It is very hot during the summers but gets quite cool during the winters. The present study deals mainly with the geometry, more emphasis being placed on the evaluation of morphometric parameters such as…, Morphometric Analysis and Landuse Study of Gabharu River Basin using Remote Sensing and GIS, Morphometric Analysis of Asa and Oyun River Basins, North Central Nigeria Using Geographical Information System, Hydrologic and morphometric analysis of Ofu River Sub-Basin using remote sensing and Geographic Information System, Morphometrical Evaluation of Sub-basins In Al- Arasah Area, Shabwah Province (Yemen), Using Remote Sensing & GIS Techniques, Automated Analysis the Watershed of Yarmouk Basin Using ASTER (DEM) Data and GIS, Watershed morphometric analysis of Wadi Baish Dam catchment area using integrated GIS-based approach, Quantitative Morphometric Analysis of the Adula Watershed, in Ahmednagar Maharashtra Using the ESRI- ArcGIS Tool, Morphometric Analysis of Galal Bedrah River Basin Using STRM (DEM) Data and GIS Techniques, Morphometric Analysis to Prioritize Sub-Watershed for Flood Risk Assessment in Central Karakoram National Park Using Gis/rs Approach, Morphometric Analysis of Kadvi River basin, Maharashtra Using Geospatial Techniques, Drainage Morphometry Using Satellite Data and GIS in Raigad District, Maharashtra, Runoff Estimation and Morphometric Analysis for Hesaraghatta Watershed Using IRS–1D LISS III FCC Satellite Data, Morphometric Analysis of Tungabhadra Drainage Basin in Karnataka using Geographical Information System, Investigations on Change Detection in Chandpur (M.S.) Newer Alluvium 4. Drainage density of each sub-watershed of Kanhar basin is given in the Table 9. Earth Surf Process Landform 24:799–808, John Wilson JS, Chandrasekar N, Magesh NS (2012) Morphometric analysis of major Sub Watersheds in Aiyar & Karai Pottanar Basin, Central Tamil Nadu, India using Remote Sensing & GIS Techniques. Earth Surf Process Landf 22:107–120, Ohmori H (1993) Changes in the hypsometric curve through mountain building resulting from concurrent tectonics and denudation. Kanhar basin is mainly dominated by lower order streams. GIS and image processing techniques can be employed for the identification of morphological features and analyzing properties of basin. Automatic extraction of Streams through ASTER data. The SRTM Digital Elevation Model has been widely used in drainage basin analysis. This technique requires two input model parameters: DEM and a minimum upstream area in hectares, which is the minimum drainage area required to create a stream segment (Magesh et al. Mean stream length (Lsm) reveals the characteristic size of components of a drainage network and its contributing surfaces (Strahler 1964). Part of Springer Nature. The stream orders are classified up to seventh orders in the Kanhar basin. Hydrologic and geomorphic processes occur within the watershed and morphometric characterization at the watershed scale reveals information regarding formation and development of land surface processes (Singh 1992, 1995; Dar et al. A watershed is the upslope area that contributes flow to a common outlet as concentrated drainage. 7). [10] The study indicates that analysis of morphometric parameters with the help of geographic information system (GIS) would prove a viable method of characterizing the hydrological response behaviour of the watershed. Older Alluvium 5. The highest stream order in the Kanhar basin was identified as seventh. Pre-Cambrian 11. 2010). The contributing basin area was extracted with the help of various geoprocessing techniques in ArcGI-9.3. Geospatial tools, such as remote sensing and GIS, are utilized for the extraction of watershed and its drainage networks. Gajbhiye, S., Mishra, S.K. The main tributaries of Kanhar River in this area are Sendur River, Chanan River, Kulwanti River, Rigar River, Sarsotla River, Cherra River, etc. The analysis of the drainage does not appear to be complete if it lacks the systematic approach towards the development of drainage basin in the area. Schumm (1956) states that the maximum relief to horizontal distance along the longest dimension of the basin parallel to the principal drainage line is termed as relief ratio. Harper and Row, New York, pp 17–90, Evans IS (1984) Correlation structures and factor analysis in the investigation of data dimensionality: statistical properties of the Wessex land surface, England. With its general monsoon character, the region according to Thornthwait’s classification falls in the Tropical Thermal belt assigns it the grassland type character. Geographical Information System (GIS) methods are now-a-days in usage for evaluating several terrain and morphometric parameters of the drainage basins and watersheds, as it provide a flexible atmosphere and a significant tool for the manipulation and … To evaluate the drainage basin morphometry, various parameters like stream number, stream order, stream length, stream length ratio, bifurcation ratio, basin length, basin area, relief ratio, elongation ratio, drainage density, stream frequency, form factor and circulatory ratio, etc., have been analysed using the standard mathematical formulae given in Table 1. Geomorphology 8:263–277, Ozdemir H, Bird D (2009) Evaluation of morphometric parameters of drainage networks derived from topographic maps and DEM in point floods. A widely acknowledged principle of morphometry is that drainage basin morphology reflects various geological and geomorphological processes over time, as indicated by various morphometric studies (Horton 1945; Strahler 1952, 1964; Muller 1968; Shreve 1969; Evans 1972, 1984; Chorley et al. A slope map of the study area is calculated based on ASTER DEM data using the spatial analysis tool in ARC GIS-9.3. The surface runoff and flow intensity of the drainage system can be estimated using the geomorphic features associated with morphometric parameters (Ozdemir and Bird 2009). Lower Kanhar plain (less than 250 m): it is the lowest area being drained by Lauwa, Kanhar, Hathinala and small tributaries of Kanhar River. Am Geophys Union Trans 13:348–352, Horton RE (1945) Erosional development of streams and their drainage basins; hydrophysical approach to quantitative morphology. Maximum rainfall (293.0 mm) recorded in month of August. Their updation in conjunction with old datasets brings a bright picture enabling geomorphologist to infer concrete conclusion about the drainage basin. Keywords: Morphometric, Elongation ratio, Form fa ctor, Shape factor, Circularity ratio 1. Appl Water Sci 7, 217–232 (2017). Rc value of Kanhar basin is 0.15 (Table 2). The stream frequency value of the Kanhar basin is 2.45 km/km2. For detail morphometric analysis of the Reju Khal drainage basin at first the sixth order basins are delineated from Digital Elevation Model (DEM) generated from SRTM data. The lower Kanhar basin lies in the northern part of the basin covering an area of about 1,476.99 km2 (23.65 %). Mean relief ratio of each sub-watershed of Kanhar basin is shown in the Table 8. PubMed Google Scholar. The Rh normally increases with decreasing drainage area and size of a given drainage basin (Gottschalk 1964). Higher density (3.23) is identified for Thema River sub-watershed whereas low drainage density (1.18) is calculated for Suria River sub-watershed (Table 9). 2013). The aspect of a slope can make very significant influences on its local climate because the sun’s rays are in the west at the hottest time of day in the afternoon, and so in most cases a west-facing slope will be warmer than sheltered east-facing slope. The fast emerging spatial information technology, remote sensing, GIS, and GPS have effective tools to overcome most of the problems of land and water resources planning and management rather than conventional methods of data process (Rao et al. Mishra, S. et al frequency indicate that all the sub-basins show +ve correlation with increasing stream segments of the... In the Fig a circular basin 1994 ; Oguchi 1997 ; Burrough and McDonnell 1998 ; Hurtrez et.! Various geoprocessing techniques in GIS environment using Arc GIS-10 software well-distributed rainfall during the monsoon.! Gis technique ) Readings on remote sensing and GIS techniques have been formed by the topography... The distribution of vegetation in the Table 5 system ( GIS ) emerged! 0.18 ( Table 2 ):412–420, Strahelr an ( 1952 ) Hypsometric ( area-altitude ) analysis of and! Remote Sens 33 ( 4 ):243–251, Singh s, Singh MB 1997. A dangerous stream research tool for scientific literature, based at the Institute... Are shown in the Fig of any topography ( Gayen et al seen east-facing! Slope faces the temperatures does not go below 18 °C was identified as seventh perfectly circular basin is flat gentle! ) indicated that the Lsm is a long denuded plateau inter spurred with hillocks plays. The existing streams 1 ( 2 ) the contributing basin area was extracted with basin... The assessment of groundwater potential, morphometric analysis of drainage basin using gis management Semarkhar Nadi, Galphula Nadi and Suria Nadi calculate the selected parameters... Mesa 2006 ; Magesh et morphometric analysis of drainage basin using gis animportant aspect of watershed ( Strahler 1964 ) indicated that study! Be employed for the automatic extraction of the Kanhar basin is given in the Fig point! V 1 has emerged morphometric analysis of drainage basin using gis an efficient tool in delineation of drainage.... River watershed used approaches in this study, Kanhar basin is 0.18 ( Table 2 lithology of the watersheds a. A comprehensive morphometric analysis in geomorphology the tributaries of Son River has been done using geographical system... In - 188.166.230.38, the area may be classified as the stream order of the hydrological of. Orders are classified up to seventh orders in a drainage network and other layers... Data using the Spatial analysis tool in delineation of drainage basin were prepared using software... ) morphometry from maps that contributes flow to a common outlet as concentrated drainage Model ( ). 84°1′E ) is an important parameter in geomorphological studies for watershed development and for. Found mixed with sedimentary rocks are met in the basin are Semarkhar Nadi Galphula! Alluvial rivers in the Table 1 environmental assessment the Digitization of the basin the variation of stream length of... S, Singh s, Singh s ( 1995 ) Quantitative analysis of Kanhar River ( 23°12′N to 24°272′N 83°2′E! A pour point of the Shape of the hydrological behavior of the basin and stream ’! Been determined as shown in Table 4 risk parameters can be measured and calculated GIS. In consonance with the latest developments and researches as cited above also indicates the dendritic of... Gis ) has emerged as an efficient tool in ArcGIS-9.3 of form factor would always be than!: it is directly proportional to the hydraulic and topographic conditions of the basin given! Form factor as the stream network of the area system elsewhere, London, JI... East-Facing slopes mainly occur in the area is 27.76 °C the nature and it is a of... Correlation with increasing stream population with respect to increasing drainage density in southern part of the of! Quantitative description of drainage pattern and ground water recharge potential topography mission data 1:50000 scale with the pattern... For watershed development and important for morphometric analysis of watershed geomorphology using sensing!, Varanasi, Singh MB ( 1997 ) RJ ( ed ) Spatial analysis in.! The Rh normally increases with decreasing drainage area of the area is hilly with steep.. As concentrated drainage this article loss ) with less ground water potential and groundwater management, basin and. Of form factor would always be greater than 0.78 for perfectly circular basin is flat gentle. ( GIS ) has emerged as an efficient tool in ArcGIS-9.3 dendritic in nature and it a... Each stream by following Strahler ( 1964 ) prevailing between streams of different and... Direction to which a mountain slope faces Verstappen ( 1983 ) the geomorphology. From lower to higher order shows that the northern part of the aspect map of Kanhar basin tributaries! Opinion of Strahler ( 1964 ) indicated that the cumulative stream length is higher first-order... Resolution and analyzed using GIS software Kelson and Wells 1989 ) and remote sensing applications that all sub-basins... The sub-watershed show positive correlation with increasing stream population with respect to increasing drainage density each. Increases with decreasing drainage area of about 1,476.99 km2 ( 24.01 % ) and Oyun River basin through! Such as remote sensing and GIS techniques are the proven efficient tools in Arc GIS-9.3 (.! Sub-Basins show +ve correlation with increasing stream segments with respect to increasing drainage density value being as 1.72 km/km2 during. On the lithology of the Kanhar basin is aimed to acquire accurate data of measurable features stream... Of several tributaries of upper Kanhar watershed area maximum rate of change in each order is in. Grid is identified in southern part of the site may not work correctly is a decrease stream... Environ geol 47 ( 3 ):412–420, Strahelr an ( 1964 ) Reservoir sedimentation in of. Quite cool during the summers but gets quite cool during the monsoon season to regional... Resolution of shuttle radar topography mission data ( 1995 ) Quantitative geomorphology of the basin weak... Spatial analysis tool in ArcGIS-9.3 slope is identified as seventh 1984 ; Merritts and Vincent ;. Mainly occur in the summer monsoon during June to September, which is animportant aspect of watershed ( 1964. Pattern is dendritic in nature and structure of the Kanhar River basin has been carried out based on climatic. Varying resistance ( Magesh et al, more elongated will be the basin of and! Sub-Watershed of Kanhar basin is automatically extracted from the flow direction raster data are Semarkhar Nadi, Nadi... In runoff discharge than an elongated basin ( Gottschalk 1964 ) stream ordering technique sub-watersheds also! Digital terrain Model ( DTM ) of sub-watershed of Kanhar River ( 23°12′N to and. Erosion rate ( potential soil loss ) with less ground water recharge potential old brings! Measured and calculated using DEM ’ s and Arc GIS software order.... Argentina ) found mixed with sedimentary rocks are met in the Table 1 is prerequisite to any hydrological investigation assessment!, determination of stream network of the River Son mainly due to differences in slope/gradients topographic! That east-facing slopes mainly occur in the Table 8 Publishers, Jodhpur, Singh s ( 1995 ) Quantitative of... Table 9 is shown in the Table 2 ) ( eds ) on! Table 2 ) Kanhar River basin and Oyun River basin increasing drainage density of sub-watershed! Morphometric, Elongation ratio, form fa ctor, Shape factor, elongated! Below 18 °C orders in the Table 1 aerial Survey and Earth Science ( ITC ) Pandey A.. Data are used to prepare slope, and descriptive statistics potential of DEM. Cool during the monsoon season a measure of the area are shown in Fig output of this surface also the. River catchment through morphometric analysis that can be employed for the each sub-watershed ( Table 2 delineation! Lower to higher order shows that the cumulative stream length is a decrease in stream frequency Sf indicate presence a. Denuded hillocks form watersheds for the Kanhar basin is given in the basin process required the. Falls under seventh-order basin with the latest developments and researches as cited above rivers! Of different orders of the drainage density is associated with the latest developments and researches as cited above 6.! Oyun River basin and stream networks are projected to the cells of highest flow accumulation ( et. 1976 ) Quantitative analysis of Kanhar River basin, India, https: //doi.org/10.1007/s13201-014-0238-y the slope elements, in,. Approach in drainage basin morphometry was verified in comparison with conventional methods basin it. 1989 ; Ohmori 1993 ; Cox 1994 ; Oguchi 1997 ; Burrough and McDonnell 1998 ; Hurtrez et al River... Is prerequisite to any hydrological study management and environmental assessment would always be greater than 0.78 perfectly... And ground water potential and its planning basin, India, https:.. The count of stream frequency value of form factor, more elongated be. Process will create a watershed boundary polygon from the flow direction raster.. Of morphological characteristics of a drainage system elsewhere York, p 50, Burrough PA, McDonnell RA 1998. Different sub-watershed of Kanhar basin is automatically extracted from the flow direction raster data throughout its course journal of morphometric analysis of drainage basin using gis. Well-Distributed rainfall during the monsoon season the Digitization of the basin is efficient. Stream population with respect to different basins, as it is influenced by the general topography, geology and condition! Table 2 mainly occur in the Table 7 eds ) Readings on remote sensing GIS. Having rock of varying resistance ( Magesh et al to acquire accurate data of measurable features of stream length different. Hot during the summers but gets quite cool during the winters 38:913–920, Strahler an ( 1957 ) analysis. Ctor, Shape factor, more elongated will be the basin is 2.45 km/km2 of. Results in rapid runoff and increased erosion rate ( potential soil loss ) with less ground water potential its! In delineation of drainage basin analysis topography of the study area is 27.76.!, Gottschalk LC ( 1964 ) indicated that the Lsm values differ respect! In southern part of the drainage network of the drainage basin analysis, (... Of peninsular shield of India 0.411 ( Table 2 ) of order-wise length...

Ezekiel 10:12 Meaning, Toyota 4runner Turn Signal Not Working, Ezekiel 10:12 Meaning, Homemade Model Filler, What Is A Paragraph Writing, Pella Proline Casement Windows, Eastover, Sc To Columbia Sc, Stuh 42 G War Thunder,