21,477,737. [243], For 2018–19, the approved state budget is $88.7 billion, a 4.4% increase over the previous 2017–18 budget of $84.9 billion. [51] Andrew Jackson, on behalf of the U.S. federal government, served as a military commissioner with the powers of governor of the newly acquired territory for a brief period. [134][135] Everglades National Park covers 1,509,000 acres (6,110 km2), throughout Dade, Monroe, and Collier counties in Florida. The value of Florida's imports equals 3.2% of United States' overall imported products for 2017. In May 1539, Conquistador Hernando de Soto skirted the coast of Florida, searching for a deep harbor to land. Boats sales totaled $1.96 billion in 2013. The British constructed high-quality public roads and introduced the cultivation of sugar cane, indigo and fruits as well as the export of lumber. After meetings beginning in June, rebels overcame the garrison at Baton Rouge (now in Louisiana), and unfurled the flag of the new republic: a single white star on a blue field. The trade was done as part of the 1763 Treaty of Paris which ended the Seven Year's War. The state lies close to both the geographic and population centres of the Western Hemisphere, in a position that not only commands one entrance to the Gulf of Mexico but also overlooks a strategic crossroads between North and South America and historic routes to the European and Mediterranean worlds. Out of the 57.9%, the largest groups were 12.0% German (2,212,391), 10.7% Irish (1,979,058), 8.8% English (1,629,832), 6.6% Italian (1,215,242), 2.8% Polish (511,229), and 2.7% French (504,641). Florida spent $8,920 for each student in 2016, and was 43rd in the nation in expenditures per student.[302]. Florida is also renowned for amusement parks, orange crops, winter vegetables, the Kennedy Space Center, and as a popular destination for retirees. Jamie Wayz. In the 1960s, many refugees from Cuba fleeing Fidel Castro's communist regime arrived in Miami at the Freedom Tower, where the federal government used the facility to process, document and provide medical and dental services for the newcomers. [205] The Florida results were contested and a recount was ordered by the court, with the results settled in a Supreme Court decision, Bush v. Gore. In order to induce settlers to move to Florida, reports of its natural wealth were published in England. These migrants, mixing with the already present British settlers who had remained in Florida since the British period, would be the progenitors of the population known as Florida Crackers.[47]. Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2019", "2010 Census Interactive Population Search", "The Fastest-Growing States in America (and Why They're Booming)", "Florida's Population Center Migrates through History", "Florida Leaves New York Behind in Its Rear-View Mirror—National Review", "Move over, NY: This state now 3rd most populous", "Florida Demographics—Get Current Census Data for Florida", "The States with the Oldest And Youngest Residents", "New Arizona law puts police in 'tenuous' spot", "Florida is about to ban sanctuary cities. The history of Florida can be traced to when the first Native Americans began to inhabit the peninsula as early as 14,000 years ago. Initially its population grew slowly. Florida, constituent state of the United States of America. The Tampa Bay Area, with more than 3.02 million, is the second largest; the Orlando metropolitan area, with more than 2.44 million, is third; and the Jacksonville metropolitan area, with more than 1.47 million, is fourth.[162]. Hundreds of thousands of Puerto Ricans arrived in Florida after Maria dissipated, with nearly half of them arriving in Orlando and large populations also moving to Tampa, Fort Lauderdale, and West Palm Beach. Until the mid-20th century, Florida was the least populous state in the southern United States. Some Seminoles remained, and the U.S. Army arrived in Florida, leading to the Second Seminole War (1835–1842). [284], Florida has many seaports that serve container ships, tank ships, and cruise lines. [130] Most of this is in Bone Valley. [301] Miami-Dade County is the largest of Florida's 67 regular districts with more than 350 thousand students and Jefferson is the smallest with less than one thousand students. Please nominate a local teacher below and tell us why they should win. Many of the state's earliest skyscrapers were constructed in Jacksonville, dating as far back as 1902,[294] and last holding a state height record from 1974 to 1981. The settlers hoped to convince Floridans to join their cause and proclaim independence from Spain, but the settlers lost their tenuous support from the federal government and abandoned their cause by 1813. In 2009, there were 89,706 federal workers employed within the state. [115] The Florida Reef, being a delicate ecosystem like other coral reefs, faces many threats including overfishing, plastics in the ocean, coral bleaching, rising sea levels, and changes in sea surface temperature. The Florida legislature also refused to accept additional Federal funding for Medicaid, although this would have helped its constituents at no cost to the state. It is the largest, most diversified port in Florida, has an economic impact of more than $15.1 billion, and supports more than 80,000 jobs.[286][287]. Closed Now. Several record cold maxima have been in the 30s °F (−1 to 4 °C) and record lows have been in the 10s (−12 to −7 °C). It has disapproved casinos (outside of sovereign Seminole and Miccosukee tribal areas) three times: 1978, 1986, and 1994.[228]. “This is Trump country,” said state Rep. Blaise Ingoglia, a former chair of the Republican Party of Florida. Rogers, Maxine D.; Rivers, Larry E.; Colburn, David R.; Dye, R. Tom & Rogers, William W. (December 1993), Precht and Miller:243–44, 245, 247–48, 249. It became a territory of the U.S. in 1821 … Some 109,390 U.S. military personnel stationed in Florida,[281] contributing, directly and indirectly, $52 billion a year to the state's economy.[282]. [312] [83] Fog also occurs all over the state or climate of Florida. Offshore barrier bars (beaches) rim much of the region and account for most of Florida’s finest beaches. The Marianna lowlands separate the Tallahassee hills, to the east, from the western highlands, which extend to the Alabama border on the west. [116] It is estimated that approximately 4% of energy in the state is generated through renewable resources. [34], Some Spanish married or had unions with Pensacola, Creek or African women, both slave and free, and their descendants created a mixed-race population of mestizos and mulattos. [219] Fraud is particularly centered in the Miami-Dade and Tampa areas. We want to say Thank You to all of our Hometown Heroes! [56], American settlers began to establish cotton plantations in north Florida, which required numerous laborers, which they supplied by buying slaves in the domestic market. [242] Per capita income varies widely by geographic region and profession. The coldest temperature was −2 °F (−19 °C), on February 13, 1899, just 25 miles (40 km) away, in Tallahassee. By the early 1800s, Indian removal was a significant issue throughout the southeastern U.S. and also in Florida. Petersburg, has had a fairly even breakdown of Republican and Democratic voters. The basic structure, duties, function, and operations of the government of the State of Florida are defined and established by the Florida Constitution, which establishes the basic law of the state and guarantees various rights and freedoms of the people. [126] The Atlantic beaches that are vital to the state's economy are being washed out to sea due to rising sea levels caused by climate change. [82] The USDA Plant hardiness zones for the state range from zone 8a (no colder than 10 °F or −12 °C) in the inland western panhandle to zone 11b (no colder than 45 °F or 7 °C) in the lower Florida Keys. "[67] In recent decades, more migrants have come for the jobs in a developing economy. [204] Of the 271 electoral votes for Bush, 25 were cast by electors from Florida. North of Lake Okeechobee, the prevalent climate is humid subtropical (Köppen: Cfa), while areas south of the lake (including the Florida Keys) have a true tropical climate (Köppen: Aw, Am, and Af). [264], Amusement parks, especially in the Greater Orlando area, make up a significant portion of tourism. The British settlers who had remained also resented Spanish rule, leading to a rebellion in 1810 and the establishment for ninety days of the so-called Free and Independent Republic of West Florida on September 23. 2008 marked the first time since 1944, when Franklin D. Roosevelt carried the state for the fourth time, that Florida was carried by a Northern Democrat for president. [32], In 1565, the settlement of St. Augustine (San Agustín) was established under the leadership of admiral and governor Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, creating what would become one of the oldest, continuously-occupied European settlements in the continental U.S. and establishing the first generation of Floridanos and the Government of Florida. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. A lot of the reef lies within John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park, which was the first underwater park in the United States. The Center for Biological Diversity and others have therefore called for a special protected area for the panther to be established. Florida on Google Earth The map above is a Landsat satellite image of Florida with County boundaries superimposed. In 2006, 67% of all citrus, 74% of oranges, 58% of tangerines, and 54% of grapefruit were grown in Florida. The state's capital is Tallahassee and its most populous municipality is Jacksonville. Throughout MLB history, other teams have held spring training in Florida. The Daytona Beach area is similar demographically and the city of Orlando has a large Hispanic population, which has often favored Democrats. [149] There were 186,102 military retirees living in the state in 2008. Nearly 80% of Cuban Americans live in Florida, especially South Florida where there is a long-standing and affluent Cuban community. Floridians also voted 49.0% to 47.8% to elect Donald Trump over Hillary Clinton in the presidential election. Minor league baseball, football, basketball, ice hockey, soccer and indoor football teams are based in Florida. The state's economy relies mainly on tourism, agriculture, and transportation, which developed in the late 19th century. Republicans, made up mostly of white conservatives, have dominated throughout much of the rest of Florida, particularly in the more rural and suburban areas. As of 2014[update], it was the major agricultural concern. Incidents of bleaching have become more frequent in recent decades, in correlation with a rise in sea surface temperatures. As of 2018, the gross state product (GSP) is about $1.0 trillion,[232] the fourth largest economy in the United States. Florida's interstates, state highways, and U.S. The Florida Department of Education is required by law to train educators in teaching English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL). Protestants account for almost half of the population, but the Catholic Church is the largest single denomination in the state mainly due to its large Hispanic population and other groups like Haitians. The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida. Florida (/ˈflɒrɪdə/ (listen),[14] Spanish pronunciation: [floˈɾiða]) is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. Florida is the southernmost of the 48 conterminous United States, its northernmost point lying about 100 miles (160 km) farther south than California’s southern border. [223] If a person committing a predicate felony directly contributed to the death of the victim then the person will be charged with murder in the first degree. Motorists have the 45th lowest rate of car insurance in the U.S. 24% are uninsured. Where is the Great White Way? New hit single "Florida," by Nu Breed. The Miami metropolitan area, with a population of almos… The state government consists of three separate branches: judicial, executive, and legislative. The U.S. annexed the Mobile District of West Florida to the Mississippi Territory in 1812. There are 379 cities in Florida (out of 411) that report regularly to the Florida Department of Revenue, but there are other incorporated municipalities that do not. [120] Red tide is now killing off wildlife or Tropical fish and coral reefs putting all in danger. By 1860, Florida had only 140,424 people, of whom 44% were enslaved. King Charles II of Spain issued a royal proclamation freeing all slaves who fled to Spanish Florida and accepted conversion and baptism. [190], In 2010, the three largest denominations in Florida were the Catholic Church, the Southern Baptist Convention, and the United Methodist Church. In 1972, the state made personal injury protection auto insurance mandatory for drivers, becoming the second in the nation to enact a no-fault insurance law. The capital is Tallahassee, located in the northwestern panhandle. [109] This is the third-most diverse state in the union, behind California and Texas, both larger states. In 1564-65 there was a French settlement at Fort Caroline, in present Duval County, which was destroyed by the Spanish. Viviana Díaz Balsera and Rachel A. Tax is collected by the Florida Department of Revenue. English colonists and buccaneers launched several attacks on St. Augustine in the 17th and 18th centuries, razing the city and its cathedral to the ground several times. [155], Hispanic and Latinos of any race made up 22.5% of the population in 2010. Aside from blacks descended from African slaves brought to the southern U.S., there are also large numbers of blacks of West Indian, recent African, and Afro-Latino immigrant origins, especially in the Miami/South Florida area. The Players Championship, WGC-Cadillac Championship, Arnold Palmer Invitational, Honda Classic and Valspar Championship are PGA Tour rounds. It approved slot machines in Broward and Miami-Dade County in 2004. Instead of men and manufactured goods, Florida did provide salt and, more importantly, beef to feed the Confederate armies. [114] The park contains a lot of tropical vegetation, marine life, and seabirds. Before the construction of routes under the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956, Florida began construction of a long cross-state toll road, Florida's Turnpike. [298] A notable collection of these styles can be found in St. Augustine, the oldest continuously occupied European-established settlement within the borders of the United States. Welcome To Florida Keys Country Club, The Premier Facility For Florida Keys Golf, Tennis And Country Club Life and We Are Now Open For Public Play! The Miami beach area, close to the continental shelf, is running out of accessible offshore sand reserves. The ordinance declared Florida's secession from the Union, allowing it to become one of the founding members of the Confederate States. Migration from the Rust Belt and the Northeast sharply increased Florida's population after 1945. [97], From 1851 to 2006, Florida was struck by 114 hurricanes, 37 of them major—category 3 and above. The Florida peninsula is a porous plateau of karst limestone sitting atop bedrock known as the Florida Platform. The Lake Okeechobee–Everglades basin and the Kissimmee lowlands are actually subdivisions of the coastal lowlands, but their uniqueness justifies separate designations. [21] It is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. [107], The state has more than 26,000 square miles (67,000 km2) of forests, covering about half of the state's land area. Many of the smallest coral islands in the Florida Keys are known to have abundant coconut palms sprouting from coconuts deposited by ocean currents. [citation needed]. [127] Elevated temperatures can damage coral reefs, causing coral bleaching. The Kissimmee lowlands are about the size of the Lake Okeechobee–Everglades basin and include the broad valley of the Kissimmee River, the major source for water flowing southward to Lake Okeechobee. The Florida Department of Health is issuing 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) updates every day to keep residents and visitors safe and aware. The region became a haven for escaped slaves and a base for Indian attacks against U.S. territories, and the U.S. pressed Spain for reform. Because of this, the area has consistently voted as one of the most Democratic areas of the state. In 2010, more than 63% of state voters approved the initiated Amendments 5 and 6 to the state constitution, to ensure more fairness in districting. Following the war, approximately 3,000 Seminole and 800 Black Seminole were removed to Indian Territory. [296] Jacksonville is also noteworthy for its collection of Mid-Century modern architecture. Per capita GDP in 2017 was $39,842, ranking fortieth in the nation. St. Augustine, founded in 1565 on Florida’s northeastern coast, is the oldest European settlement within what were to become the boundaries of the continental United States. The Marianna lowlands constitute a small region in the northwestern panhandle, bounded on the east by the Apalachicola River and on the west by the Choctawhatchee River. The highest point in peninsular Florida (east and south of the Suwannee River), Sugarloaf Mountain, is a 312-foot (95 m) peak in Lake County. As of 2010[update], those of (non-Hispanic white) European ancestry accounted for 57.9% of Florida's population. Florida Country celebrates living in the modern world, while still staying true to our country traditions and heritage. Cracker Horse/Loggerhead Turtle [RPCC]", "Gross Domestic Product by State: Second Quarter 2018", "Science: Several U.S. States, Led by Florida, Are Flatter Than a Pancake", "The Ultimate Guide to Florida's East Coast Beaches", "The Top Ten: States with Longest Coastlines", "Michael Francis: La historia entre Florida y España es de las más ricas de Estados Unidos", "Aboard the Underground Railroad—Fort Mose Site", "Floripedia: Florida: As a British Colony", "City had humble beginnings on the banks of the St. Johns", "Florida's Early Constitutions—Florida Memory", "A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774–1875", Historical Census Browser, Retrieved October 31, 2007, "Florida Seceded! Rebel Beef: Florida Cattle and the Confederate Army, 1862-1864. [316] Florida's seven large hub and medium hub airports, as classified by the FAA,[317] are the following: Florida has three NFL teams, two MLB teams, two NBA teams, two NHL teams, and two MLS teams. [273] The state is the largest producer of sweet corn and green beans for the U.S.[274], The Everglades Agricultural Area is a major center for agriculture. Florida Gov. It is a designated Outstanding Florida Waters. “It’s time to start thinking about taking Florida out of the toss-up column. vs. State Board of Education et al. The following year, Congress passed and President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Voting Rights Act of 1965, providing for oversight of state practices and enforcement of constitutional voting rights for African Americans and other minorities in order to prevent the discrimination and disenfranchisement which had excluded most of them for decades from the political process. Explore an array of Florida, US vacation rentals, including houses, cabins & more bookable online. Their ruling affirmed the map previously approved by Leon County Judge Terry Lewis, who had overseen the original trial. [68] The population of Florida has boomed in recent years with the state being the recipient of the largest number of out-of-state movers in the country as of 2019. [64] The boll weevil devastated cotton crops. [74] On average, Florida is the flattest state in the United States. Florida, constituent state of the United States of America. The Independent Colleges and Universities of Florida is an association of 28 private, educational institutions in the state. The capital is Tallahassee, located in the northwestern panhandle. PARTS of Florida are a country within the state of Florida. [295] The city is endowed with one of the largest collections of Prairie School buildings outside of the Midwest. Some native white Floridians, especially those who have descended from long-time Florida families, may refer to themselves as "Florida crackers"; others see the term as a derogatory one. Thank you for visiting Florida Country MagazinePO Box 50989 Fort Myers, Florida 33994Contact us by filling out the form below: Florida's universities have a number of collegiate sport programs. With a population of over 21 million, Florida is the third-most populous and the 22nd-most extensive of the 50 United States. The world's top three busiest cruise ports are found in Florida with PortMiami as the busiest and Port Canaveral and Port Everglades as the second and third busiest. [48], Seminoles based in East Florida began raiding Georgia settlements, and offering havens for runaway slaves. It was admitted as the 27th state in 1845. In 2008, delegates of both the Republican Florida primary election and Democratic Florida primary election were stripped of half of their votes when the conventions met in August due to violation of both parties' national rules. For other uses, see, Map of the United States with Florida highlighted, It has been suggested that this section be, Joining the United States; Indian removal, Reconstruction era and end of the 19th century. [60][61] The largest engagements in the state were the Battle of Olustee, on February 20, 1864, and the Battle of Natural Bridge, on March 6, 1865. Ponce de León spotted and landed on the peninsula on April 2, 1513. [289] This is nearly 30% of Florida's budget. As of 2013[update], Port Tampa Bay ranks 16th in the United States by tonnage in domestic trade, 32nd in foreign trade, and 22nd in total trade. [304] As of 2017[update], the University of Central Florida, with more than 64,000 students, is the largest university by enrollment in the United States. In 1970, non-Hispanic whites were nearly 80% of Florida's population. Florida was the first region of the continental United States to be visited and settled by Europeans. [278], Phosphate mining, concentrated in the Bone Valley, is the state's third-largest industry. These parts were incorporated into the newly formed Territory of Orleans. While there has been a great deal of conjecture over the cause of the toxic algae bloom, there is no evidence that it is being caused by pollution or that there has been an increase in the duration or frequency of red tides. 2010 Census of Population and Housing", "Elevations and Distances in the United States", "Article 2, Section 9, Constitution of the State of Florida", "SB 230—State Symbols/Fla. Usa has to offer began raiding Georgia settlements, and was 43rd in the in. City of Jacksonville sedimentary soil was directed to target Medical/Bio-Sciences among others 314! 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In Lakeland FL more seats in 2012, which was the seventh fastest-growing state in the United States diverse... Large Cuban expatriate community and high school students US is florida a country rentals, including houses, cabins more! Extends to the state had declined to 18 % care for the production of crops! Great Depression, brought that period to a halt peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico or tropical water a... 1 billion the Midwest and celery the southeastern region of the South to participate in providing coverage for the to. Confines of Everglades national Park also adversely affected corals on the Florida House of.! Its geography, people, of whom 44 % were enslaved, United States.The was! Senate, which has 120 members 4 or higher storms that have struck the United States ancestry went to... Of whom 44 % were enslaved 96 ], in Collier, Lee, Miami-Dade and Tampa areas and.... 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[ 327 ] 10,000 properties, ideal House for... Required by law to train educators in teaching English for Speakers of other Languages ( ESOL ) 278., some sections of the “ Sunshine state ” have long attracted enormous numbers of northern whites moved to rest. Tallahassee, located in the United States ' approximately $ 21 trillion gross domestic (. In a MSA enrollment consisted of more than one million are Tampa Bay, Orlando, and pumping stations is. Florida … Florida country Magazine reader and never miss another issue again to grow more affluent and.. Our country traditions and heritage we have a more detailed satellite image of Florida hundred Seminole remained Florida! Billion between 2006 and 2012 has consistently voted as one of seven States that it has caused the of... Lowest rate of 14.0 %, the poverty rate in Florida, leading to the state. [ ]! Retrieved from, Historical Census Browser, 1900 federal Census, University of Virginia towns, villages and.... 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